Создать файл rus.sh
$ cd ~ && touch rus.sh
С таким содержанием:
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#!/bin/bash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-selector
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-selector-qt
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-pack-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-pack-ru-base
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-pack-gnome-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-pack-gnome-ru-base
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes gnome-user-guide-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-support-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-support-writing-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-support-translations-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-support-extra-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-support-input-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes kde-l10n-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes kdevelop-l10n-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-pack-kde-ru
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes console-cyrillic
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes ttf-arhangai
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes xfonts-cronyx-koi8r-misc
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes xfonts-cronyx-isocyr-misc
sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes xfonts-cronyx-misc
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Даем права:
$ chmod +x ./rus.sh
Выполняем.

Поле заходим:
- Теперь надо добавить раскладку: Settings - System settings - Input devices - Keyboard - Layouts - Add layout
- System
- Administration
- Language Support
- Выбираем Русский как основной.

1. Открываем терминал:
2. далее: sudo locale-gen
3. далее: sudo locale
4. далее: sudo locale -a

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Также можно заменить создание файла на команду:
$ sudo apt-get install -y --force-yes language-selector language-selector-qt language-pack-ru language-pack-ru-base language-pack-gnome-ru language-pack-gnome-ru-base gnome-user-guide-ru language-support-ru language-support-writing-ru language-support-translations-ru language-support-extra-ru language-support-input-ru kde-l10n-ru kdevelop-l10n-ru language-pack-kde-ru console-cyrillic ttf-arhangai xfonts-cronyx-koi8r-misc xfonts-cronyx-isocyr-misc xfonts-cronyx-misc